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Friday 31 May 2013

Awyrluniwch yr Awyren yn y Gelli Gandryll!





Y cynnyrch gorffenedig: awyren wedi’i hawyrlunio!
 Mewn heulwen braf, ymunodd y Comisiwn Brenhinol â chyrff treftadaeth eraill ar stondin Hanes Cymru yn y Gelli Gandryll eleni, lle cafodd gweithgareddau plant eu cynnal bob dydd. Roedd cyfraniad gwreiddiol y Comisiwn Brenhinol - Awyrluniwch yr Awyren! - yn llwyddiant ysgubol, gan roi cyfle i bawb ddarganfod treftadaeth gyfoethog Cymru o’r awyr drwy ddefnyddio casgliad y Comisiwn Brenhinol o awyrluniau (sydd i gyd ar gael ar Coflein), pot mawr o lud ac awyren bedair troedfedd o hyd! Drwy gydol Dydd Sadwrn, bu ymwelwyr â’r stondin yn brysur yn torri allan ac yn gludio mwy na 700 o ddelweddau i orchuddio’r awyren bren ac roedd y canlyniad  terfynol yn hynod drawiadol.

Bydd gan Robert, arth o ysgol gynradd yn Llundain, lawer i’w ddweud ar ôl mynd adref ar ôl hanner tymor!

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Thursday 23 May 2013

Gwaith Cyfnerthu ar un o Dai Hynaf Ceredigion





Y Neuadd, Tŷ Tuduraidd Diweddar yn Llan-non, Ceredigion.

Yn ystod yr wythnosau nesaf bydd gwaith cyfnerthu’n parhau ar safle’r Neuadd, y tŷ Tuduraidd Diweddar yn Llan-non. Mae Richard Suggett, hanesydd pensaernïol ac uwch-ymchwilydd tîm arolygu’r Comisiwn Brenhinol, yn awgrymu i’r tŷ carreg tair-uned sydd â simnai ystlysol gael ei adeiladu rhwng 1550 a 1575, a’i fod felly’n un o’r tai hynaf yng Ngheredigion.

Dan oruchwyliaeth Ymddiriedolaeth Archaeolegol Dyfed, mae llawer o waith wedi’i wneud ar y safle i gael gwared â llystyfiant a bron 70 tunnell fetrig o rwbel, fel bod modd gweld y nodweddion sydd wedi goroesi yn glir. Mae’r rhain yn cynnwys porth croes-gyntedd, braced lamp, lle tân ystlysol (wedi’i ailwynebu yn y cefn), ac agoriadau ffenestr.

Ar 27 Gorffennaf fe gynhelir Diwrnod Agored Cloddiad Cymunedol rhwng 11am a 4pm. Bydd y Comisiwn Brenhinol yn ymuno ag Ymddiriedolaeth Archaeolegol Dyfed ac Amgueddfa Ceredigion ar gyfer Diwrnod Agored yn Nhŷ Tuduraidd Y Neuadd ac Amgueddfa’r Bwthyn yn Llan-non. Fe fydd amrywiaeth o weithgareddau wedi’u seilio ar y cloddiadau cymunedol a bydd y digwyddiadau’n cynnwys sgwrs ar y safle gan Richard Suggett.

Lle tân ystlysol wedi’i gau o’r unfed ganrif ar bymtheg.
Manylion y safle: Y Neuadd www.coflein.gov.uk
Delweddau ar-lein (9)
Casgliadau Cysylltiedig (15)

Coflein yw cronfa ddata ar-lein gyhoeddus CHCC, y gellir ei chwilio’n ddaearyddol drwy fapiau Arolwg Ordnans neu ymholiadau testun. 

Erthygl gan Charles Green, Swyddog Graffigwaith, Tîm Ymgysylltu â’r Cyhoedd.

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Tuesday 21 May 2013

Exploring the Archaeology of Cardigan Island





This recent Royal Commission aerial photograph taken in April 2013 clearly shows the visible archaeology that is indicative of past habitation and farming. (Crown Copyright. RCAHMW, 2013).

Royal Commission Investigators have just returned from a visit to explore the archaeology of Cardigan Island. The island lies just off the Ceredigion coast, adjacent to the estuary of the river Teifi and is owned by the Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales. Access to the island is restricted and we were very grateful to be given a place on the boat chartered for the annual egg count of the breeding sea birds and geese.

Landing on the Island. (Crown Copyright. RCAHMW, 2013)

Landing on the island is tricky, and involved a rocky scramble onto the main grassland plateau which at this time of year is covered in extensive patches of bluebells. There are also clusters of tree mallow, not to mention the inhabitants, lots of nesting birds, particularly gulls and geese. It proved to be a noisy day!

Like many of the islands around the coast of Wales, a lack of modern development on Cardigan has preserved the archaeology and aerial photographs clearly indicate evidence of past habitation and farming. Much of the island is covered by ridge and furrow, indicating that at one time, most likely during the medieval period, arable farming was undertaken. However, the nature of these remains suggest this was never long established and it’s more likely that a pastoral economy predominated with the livestock watered by a number of small ponds in the centre of the island.

Two enclosed settlements, most likely later prehistoric in date, indicate that the island was also once settled. The smaller of the two enclosures contains evidence of five circular huts, whilst the much larger enclosure on the north side of the island, has one clear hut circle together with a large rectangular platform, possibly relating to a later phase of use. One unenclosed circular hut platform was also identified against which an earthwork bank dividing the whole island had been constructed.

The archaeology on the ground. GPS survey of the boundary bank dividing the island. (Crown Copyright. RCAHMW, 2013)

The results of our field visit will now be collated into a survey report and the National Monuments Record enhanced with detailed descriptions and photography of the archaeology.

Article by Louise Barker, Head of Recording and Investigation Team

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Friday 17 May 2013

Dambusters at the Elan Valley: the story of Nant-y-Gro Dam!





Dambusters: Aerial view of Nant-y-Gro in the Elan Valley (NPRN:408280)

Tonight, the night of the 16 - 17 of May 2013,  marks the 70th anniversary of the celebrated “Dambusters Raid” by aircraft from 617 Squadron led by Guy Gibson, when 19 Lancaster bombers took off from a runway in Lincolnshire in eastern England, each carrying a purpose built weapon - the bouncing bomb - and dropped them in Nazi Germany's industrial heartland. This triumph was later immortalised in the 1954 film, Dambusters.

The idea for the Dambusters raid originated in 1940, when aeronautical designer Dr Barnes Wallis calculated the explosive power required to breach the Ruhr dams and discovered that no existing bomber could carry a large enough bomb. However, Wallis realised that smaller bombs accurately positioned at the foot of the dam could have the same effect. To make this possible, Wallis designed the "bouncing bomb" that would skip across the water and hit the dam. The bomb needed to be dropped at the right speed, at the right distance from the dam and at the right height above the water.

 Unknown to many people today mid-Wales played a crucial part in the development of Barns Wallis’ ingenious “Bouncing Bomb”.


An aerial view clearly shows part of the 60ft wide breach in the former dam (NPRN:408280)
In July 1942 the prototype charge was proof-tested at a small dam in the Elan Valley, where 280lbs of high-explosive destroyed the central portion of the masonry dam. The experiment was a complete success. The evocative and sobering remains of the bombed dam may still be seen today. The Nant-y-Gro Dam (NPRN 408280) is located at SN92196348, and is protected as one of Cadw’s Scheduled Ancient Monuments.




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Thursday 16 May 2013

Dysgu Am Dreftadaeth Uwchdirol Gwynedd





Cynrychiolwyr yn cerdded i fyny’r inclein gwych yn chwarel lechi Gorseddau i archwilio rhannau uchaf y gwaith.

Roedd y digwyddiad Archaeoleg yr Ucheldiroedd a gynhaliwyd ar y 10fed a’r 11eg o Fai yn Eryri yn llwyddiant ysgubol i bawb a gymerodd ran. Cafodd ei drefnu ar y cyd gan y Comisiwn Brenhinol, Awdurdod Parc Cenedlaethol Eryri ac Ymddiriedolaeth Archaeolegol Gwynedd, ac roedd yn cynnwys ysgol undydd ar Ddydd Gwener y 10fed o Fai ym Mhlas Tan y Bwlch a thaith dywys i weld tirwedd chwarel lechi Gorseddau ar Ddydd Sadwrn.

Ar Ddydd Gwener ymunodd mwy na 60 o gynrychiolwyr â staff y Comisiwn Brenhinol ym Mhlas Tan y Bwlch ar gyfer ysgol undydd a agorwyd gan y Cynghorydd Caerwyn Roberts OBE, Cadeirydd Awdurdod Parc Cenedlaethol Eryri. Yn dilyn hyn, cafwyd anerchiad gan Dr David Gwyn. Yn y bore wedyn, cyflwynwyd adroddiadau ar yr arolygon diweddaraf a oedd wedi cael eu cwblhau fel rhan o Fenter Archaeoleg yr Uwchdiroedd yng ngogledd, canolbarth a de Cymru, ac yn y prynhawn bu cyfres o sgyrsiau gan arbenigwyr o Gymru, Lloegr a’r Alban ar wahanol agweddau ar archaeoleg, hanes, palaeoamgylchedd a rheoli treftadaeth uwchdirol gogledd-orllewin Cymru.

Y diwrnod canlynol, aeth dau fws mini o gynrychiolwyr gydag archaeolegwyr y Comisiwn Brenhinol i weld y dirwedd chwarelydda yng nghyffiniau chwarel Gorseddau uwchben Porthmadog, yng nghwmni arbenigol Dr David Gwyn o’r Govannon Consultancy a fu’n arwain y daith. Er gwaethaf ychydig o gawodydd o law roedd digon o heulwen a mwynhaodd pawb ddiwrnod bendigedig yn dysgu am hanes chwarel Gorseddau, gan gynnwys bywydau’r chwarelwyr, y rhwydweithiau cludiant a hynt a helynt y busnes, am bentref diwydiannol gwag Treforys gerllaw, ac am y felin lechi unigryw yn Ynysypandy.

David Gwyn yn egluro archaeoleg a hanes melin lechi Ynysypandy.
Y mur corbelog enfawr a oedd yn amddiffyn trac y dramffordd lechi yng Ngorseddau rhag y tomennydd llechi uwchben.


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Monday 13 May 2013

A Corpus of Early Medieval Inscribed Stones and Stone Sculpture in Wales, Volume lll: North Wales






Published by University of Wales Press, April 2013.

By Nancy Edwards

This volume, the final of three, focuses on the inscribed stones and stone sculpture of North Wales c. AD 400-1150. It provides fresh insights and new interpretations of over 150 monuments, many of which have been found since V. E. Nash-Williams's Early Christian Monuments of Wales was published in 1950. The introductory discussion analyses the historical and archaeological context of the monuments, earlier research, geology, their form and function, ornament and iconography, and the language and lettering of the inscriptions, as well as their cultural connections, dating and chronology. The well-illustrated catalogue provides more detailed descriptions and analyses of individual monuments.

The Royal Commission has contributed many striking photographs and illustrations. Techniques used to record these stones photographically included night photography using a generator to power studio lights positioned to provide oblique lighting. The illustrative work within the book derives from rubbings produced in the field, which provided an accurate record of each monument including the inscriptions and letter-forms.

The project was led by Professor Nancy Edwards of Bangor University.

Article by: Charles Green, Graphics Officer, Public Engagement Team.


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Thursday 9 May 2013

Ceredigion Helps Celebrate the 400th Anniversary of the First Fresh Water Supply in London





The Cymsymlog Chimney. Built in 1855 and restored 2006 by Trefeurig community Council with a grant from the Spirit of the Mines regeneration project.
© Crown copyright: Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales

Four hundred years ago this year, a Welsh entrepreneur Hugh Myddelton from Denbigh completed the construction of the New River, which brought fresh drinking water from Hertfordshire to north London. As a reward for this work he was granted the leases on a number of mines in Ceredigion. These mines were so rich in silver that bullion was transported to the Tower of London to be minted into coins.

On May the 25 and 26 the Metal Links Project, a European funded project to reconnect people with their mining heritage, and the Welsh Mines Preservation Trust will be providing free guided tours of Cwmsymlog, Berth Llwyd (now known as Bronfloyd), Goginan and other mine sites that were once owned by Sir Hugh Myddelton. Samantha Jones, Community Archaeologist for the Metal Links Project said, “It is odd to think today that this beautiful part of rural Ceredigion has a connection with the hustle and bustle of London. This event will mark that connection and engage people with an element of their past they may not be aware of, that Ceredigion was an industrial landscape”.

Saturday 25th will also see a short memorial prayer said in the ruins of a chapel (Capel Myddelton) that bears his name at Cwmsymlog mine. The service will pay respects to Sir Hugh and the miners that worked there. Sir Hugh built the chapel for his miners soon after he acquired the mine. For a few minutes at 12pm the chapel will be brought back to life. All are welcome to join us.

At 7pm on Saturday 25 at the church hall Llanbadarn Fawr there will be a series of short talks by local archaeologists and enthusiasts on the life of Sir Hugh and on the mines he owned. All are welcome.

All events over the weekend are free. Walks will be starting at 10am from Cwmsymlog (SN700 837) where there will be a free shuttle bus to ferry walkers between sites. Please bring a packed lunch and wear sensible footwear and appropriate clothing.

For further details contact Samantha Jones, samantha.jones@rcahmw.gov.uk or call 01970 621203

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Thursday 2 May 2013

Dyddio Hen Dai Cymreig





Uwchlaw’r-coed, NPRN: 28881, y tŷ hynaf yn Eryri sydd wedi’i ddyddio yn ôl arysgrif.
Yn ystod y pedair blynedd ddiwethaf bu’r Comisiwn Brenhinol yn gweithio mewn partneriaeth â’r Grŵp Dyddio Hen Dai Cymreig yng Ngogledd-Orllewin Cymru. Dan arweiniad Margaret Dunn, mae grŵp mawr o wirfoddolwyr wedi darganfod a dyddio oddeutu deg a thrigain o dai cynnar gyda chymorth Richard Suggett, hanesydd pensaernïol y Comisiwn Brenhinol. Y tŷ hynaf yn Eryri yn ôl y dyddiad sydd wedi’i arysgrifio arno yw Uwchlaw’r-coed, Llanenddwyn, Meirionnydd, sydd wedi’i ddyddio’n 1585.

Yr arysgrif 1585 yn Uwchlaw’r–coed.

Ond mae dyddio ar sail blwyddgylchau bellach yn mynd â hanes tai Eryri yn ôl i ddechrau’r unfed ganrif ar bymtheg ar ôl darganfod i Ddugoed ym Mhenmachno gael ei godi ym 1516/17.

Dugoed, NPRN: 26415, drwy astudio blwyddgylchau dyddiwyd y tŷ i 1516/17.
Mae llawer o dai eraill wedi’u dyddio ac mae’r canlyniadau i’w gweld ar Coflein erbyn hyn. Yn yr hydref 2014 bydd y Comisiwn Brenhinol yn cyhoeddi dadansoddiad o’r canlyniadau hyn, gan Richard Suggett ac aelodau o’r Grŵp Dyddio Hen Dai Cymreig, yng nghyd-destun newidiadau economaidd a chymdeithasol yr unfed ganrif ar bymtheg.

Gan Richard Suggett, Uwch Ymchwilydd Adeiladau Hanesyddol 

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